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Anuria - Inability to form or excrete urine. |
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Diabetes Insipidus - A disease that is characterized by frequent urination, excretion of large amounts of dilute URINE, and excessive THIRST. Etiology of diabetes insipidus include deficiency of ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE (also known as ADH or VASOPRESSIN) secreted by the PITUITARY, impaired KIDNEY response to ADH, and impaired hypothalamic regulation of thirst. |
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Diabetic Nephropathies - Includes renal arteriosclerosis, renal arteriolosclerosis, Kimmelstiel-Wilson syndrome (intercapillary glomerulosclerosis), acute and chronic pyelonephritis, and kidney papillary necrosis in individuals with diabetes mellitus. |
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Fanconi Syndrome - Constellation of clinical and laboratory manifestations produced by generalized proximal tubular insufficiency in the presence of normal, or nearly normal, glomerular filtration. |
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Hydronephrosis - A distention of the pelvis and calices of the kidney with urine, as a result of obstruction of the ureter, with accompanying atrophy of the parenchyma of the organ. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
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Hyperoxaluria, Primary - Either of two genetic disorders characterized by urinary excretion of large amounts of oxalate, with nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, early onset of renal failure, and often a generalized deposit of calcium oxalate, resulting from a defect in glyoxalate metabolism. |
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Hypertension, Renal - Hypertension due to renal diseases, especially chronic parenchymal disease. Hypertension as a result of compression or obstruction of the renal artery or its branches is HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR. |
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Kidney Calculi - Calculi occurring in the kidney. Calculi too large to pass spontaneously range in size from 1 cm to the staghorn stones that occupy the renal pelvis and calyces. |
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Kidney Cortex Necrosis - The death of all the functioning renal cells of the kidney cortex with continued viability of the majority of the medullary units. It is due usually to the arterial distribution peculiar to the kidney which makes the renal cortex more susceptible to diminished blood flow. |
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Kidney Failure - The inability of a kidney to excrete metabolites at normal plasma levels under conditions of normal loading, or the inability to retain electrolytes under conditions of normal intake. In the acute form (KIDNEY FAILURE, ACUTE), it is marked by uremia and usually by oliguria or anuria, with hyperkalemia and pulmonary edema. The chronic form (KIDNEY FAILURE, CHRONIC) is irreversible and requires hemodialysis. |
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Kidney Papillary Necrosis - A form of acute kidney disease characterized by necrosis of the renal papillae. It is most frequently associated with diabetes mellitus because of the severe vascular disease present in the arteries and capillaries, particularly in the kidney. There is usually a large component of infection present, and in non-diabetics pyelonephritis and obstructive uropathy are the usual etiologic agents. |
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Nephritis - Inflammation of the kidney. It is a focal or diffuse proliferative or destructive process which may involve the glomerulus, tubule, or interstitial renal tissue. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
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Nephrocalcinosis - A condition characterized by precipitation of calcium phosphate in the tubules of the kidney, with resultant renal insufficiency. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
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Nephrosclerosis - Hardening of the kidney due to overgrowth and contraction of interstitial connective tissue. It is due to renovascular disease. (Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) |
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Nephrosis - Descriptive histopathologic term for renal disease without an inflammatory component. |
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Perinephritis - Inflammation of the perinephrium. It is marked by fever, local pain, and tenderness on pressure. (Dorland, 27th ed) |
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Pyelitis - Inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney. (Dorland, 28th ed) |
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Renal Artery Obstruction - Narrowing or occlusion of the renal arteries. It is due usually to atherosclerosis, fibromuscular dysplasia, thrombosis, embolism, or external pressure. It may result in renovascular hypertension. |
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Renal Osteodystrophy - Decalcification of bone due to hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic kidney disease. |
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Renal Tubular Transport, Inborn Errors - Genetically determined disorders of the reabsorptive functions of the kidney with regard to specific nephron segments responsible for specific transport functions, classifiable by proximal nephron function, loop of Henle function, and distal nephron function. The transport defects can be selective or nonselective. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p584; Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 12th ed, p1140) |
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Uremia |
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