Menstrual Cycle
| Definition: |
The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding (MENSTRUATION) to the next in an ovulating woman or female primate. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the HYPOTHALAMUS, the PITUITARY, the ovaries, and the genital tract. The menstrual cycle is divided by OVULATION into two phases. Based on the endocrine status of the OVARY, there is a FOLLICULAR PHASE and a LUTEAL PHASE. Based on the response in the ENDOMETRIUM, the menstrual cycle is divided into a proliferative and a secretory phase. |
| Notes: |
human & other primates only; for non-primates use ESTROUS CYCLE; do not confuse with MENSTRUATION |
| Also Called: |
Endometrial Cycle,Ovarian Cycle |
| Previously Indexed: |
Menstruation (1966-1984) |
Menstrual Cycle Categories.
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Follicular Phase - The period of the MENSTRUAL CYCLE representing follicular growth, increase in ovarian estrogen (ESTROGENS) production, and epithelial proliferation of the ENDOMETRIUM. Follicular phase begins with the onset of MENSTRUATION and ends with OVULATION. |
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Luteal Phase - The period in the MENSTRUAL CYCLE that follows OVULATION, characterized by the development of CORPUS LUTEUM, increase in PROGESTERONE production by the OVARY and secretion by the glandular epithelium of the ENDOMETRIUM. The luteal phase begins with ovulation and ends with the onset of MENSTRUATION. |
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Menstruation - The normal physiologic discharge through the vagina of blood and mucosal tissues from the nonpregnant uterus. |
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Ovulation - The discharge of an OVUM from a rupturing Graafian follicle. Ovulation is regulated by a surge release of LUTEINIZING HORMONE. |
Menstrual Cycle Definitions and Terms
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