Transcription Factors
| Definition: |
Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. |
| Notes: |
in genetic transcription; /biosyn /physiol permitted; regulatory proteins go here or under REPRESSOR PROTEINS or VIRAL REGULATORY PROTEINS |
| Previously Indexed: |
Bacterial Proteins (1973-1976),Proteins (1966-1976),Transcription, Genetic (1973-1976) |
Transcription Factors Categories.
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Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein - A transcriptional regulator in prokaryotes which, when activated by binding cyclic AMP, acts at several promoters. Cyclic AMP receptor protein was originally identified as a catabolite gene activator protein. It was subsequently shown to regulate several functions unrelated to catabolism, and to be both a negative and a positive regulator of transcription. Cell surface cyclic AMP receptors are not included (CYCLIC AMP RECEPTORS), nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins, which are the regulatory subunits of CYCLIC AMP-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASES. |
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Repressor Proteins - Proteins which are normally bound to the operator locus of an operon, thereby preventing transcription of the structural genes. In enzyme induction, the substrate of the inducible enzyme binds to the repressor protein, causing its release from the operator and freeing the structural genes for transcription. In enzyme repression, the end product of the enzyme sequence binds to the free repressor protein, the resulting complex then binds to the operator and prevents transcription of the structural genes. |
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Rho Factor - A protein which effects termination of RNA synthesis during the genetic transcription process by dissociating the ternary transcription complex RNA-RNA POLYMERASE DNA at the termination of a gene. |
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Sigma Factor - A protein which is a subunit of RNA polymerase. It effects initiation of specific RNA chains from DNA. |
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Transcription Factor AP-1 - A multiprotein complex composed of the products of c-jun and c-fos proto-oncogenes. These proteins must dimerize in order to bind to the AP-1 recognition site, also known as the TPA-responsive element (TRE). AP-1 controls both basal and inducible transcription of several genes. |
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Transcriptional Elongation Factors - Transcription factors whose primary function is to regulate the rate in which RNA is transcribed. |
Transcription Factors Definitions and Terms
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