Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
| Definition: |
Proteins in the cytoplasm or nucleus that specifically bind signaling molecules and trigger changes which influence the behavior of cells. The major groups are the steroid hormone receptors (RECEPTORS, STEROID), which usually are found in the cytoplasm, and the thyroid hormone receptors (RECEPTORS, THYROID HORMONE), which usually are found in the nucleus. Receptors, unlike enzymes, generally do not catalyze chemical changes in their ligands. |
| Notes: |
GEN; prefer specifics; for hormone receptors, see note on RECEPTORS, CELL SURFACE; DF: RECEPT CYTOPLASMIC |
| Also Called: |
Hormone Receptors, Cytoplasmic,Hormone Receptors, Nuclear,Receptors, Cytoplasmic,Receptors, Nuclear |
| Previously Indexed: |
Receptors, Cell Surface (1983-1993) |
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Categories.
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Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - Cytoplasmic proteins that bind certain aryl hydrocarbons, translocate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of particular DNA segments. AH receptors are identified by their high-affinity binding to several carcinogenic or teratogenic environmental chemicals including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons found in cigarette smoke and smog, heterocyclic amines found in cooked foods, and halogenated hydrocarbons including dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls. No endogenous ligand has been identified, but an unknown natural messenger with a role in cell differentiation and development is suspected. |
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Receptors, Retinoic Acid - Proteins in the nucleus or cytoplasm that specifically bind retinoic acid or retinol and trigger changes in the behavior of cells. Retinoic acid receptors, like steroid receptors, are ligand-activated transcription regulators. Several types have been recognized. |
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Receptors, Steroid - Proteins found usually in the cytoplasm or nucleus that specifically bind steroid hormones and trigger changes influencing the behavior of cells. The steroid receptor-steroid hormone complex regulates the transcription of specific genes. |
Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Definitions and Terms
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