Insulin
| Definition: |
A protein hormone secreted by beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin plays a major role in the regulation of glucose metabolism, generally promoting the cellular utilization of glucose. It is also an important regulator of protein and lipid metabolism. Insulin is used as a drug to control insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. |
| Notes: |
/biosyn /physiol permitted; /admin: consider also INSULIN INFUSION SYSTEMS; /blood: consider also HYPERINSULINEMIA (excessively high blood insulin levels) but do not confuse with HYPERINSULINISM (excessive secretion of insulin by pancreas); /immunology: c |
| Also Called: |
Insulin A Chain,Insulin, Globin Zinc,Insulin, Regular, Beef-Pork,Insulin, Regular, Human,Insulin, Regular, Pork,Humulin,Iletin,Humulin S,Novolin,Sodium Insulin,Type I Insulin,Type II Insulin,Velosulin |
| CAS Type 1 Name: |
CAS Number: |
11061-68-0 |
Insulin Categories.
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Insulin, Isophane - A modified form of insulin that contains protamine and zinc. Isophane insulin is an intermediate-acting INSULIN with time of onset of 2 hours and duration of 24 hours. |
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Insulin, Lente - Sterile suspension, in a buffered water medium, of insulin modified by the addition of zinc chloride in a manner such that the solid phase of the suspension conisists of a mixture of crystals and amorphous material in a ratio of approximately 7:3. (From The Merck Index, 11th ed, p4888) |
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Insulin, Protamine Zinc - A long-acting, modified form of INSULIN containing protamine and zinc. Its duration of action lasts up to 36 hours. |
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Proinsulin - A precursor of insulin, with a molecular weight of 8,000 to 10,000. It has minimum hormonal activity and is converted to insulin by removal of the connecting C peptide, leaving the two (A and B)-chain, active insulin molecule. (Dorland, 28th ed) |
Insulin Definitions and Terms
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