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Association - A functional relationship between psychological phenomena of such nature that the presence of one tends to evoke the other; also, the process by which such a relationship is established. |
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Avoidance Learning - A response to a cue that is instrumental in avoiding a noxious experience. |
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Conditioning (Psychology) - A general term referring to the learning of some particular response. |
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Critical Period (Psychology) - A specific stage in animal and human development during which certain types of behavior normally are shaped and molded for life. |
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Cues - Signals for an action; that specific portion of a perceptual field or pattern of stimuli to which a subject has learned to respond. |
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Discrimination Learning - Learning that is manifested in the ability to respond differentially to various stimuli. |
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Generalization (Psychology) - The phenomenon of an organism's responding to all situations similar to one in which it has been conditioned. |
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Habituation (Psychophysiology) - The disappearance of responsiveness to accustomed stimulation. It does not include drug habituation. |
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Imprinting (Psychology) - A particular kind of learning characterized by occurrence in very early life, rapidity of acquisition, and relative insusceptibility to forgetting or extinction. Imprinted behavior includes most (or all) behavior commonly called instinctive, but imprinting is used purely descriptively. |
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Maze Learning - Learning the correct route through a maze to obtain reinforcement. It is used for human or animal populations. (Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 6th ed) |
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Memory - Complex mental function having four distinct phases: (1) memorizing or learning, (2) retention, (3) recall, and (4) recognition. Clinically, it is usually subdivided into immediate, recent, and remote memory. |
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Neurolinguistic Programming - A set of models of how communication impacts and is impacted by subjective experience. Techniques are generated from these models by sequencing of various aspects of the models in order to change someone's internal representations. Neurolinguistic programming is concerned with the patterns or programming created by the interactions among the brain, language, and the body, that produce both effective and ineffective behavior. |
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Overlearning - Learning in which practice proceeds beyond the point where the act can just be performed with the required degree of excellence. |
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Practice (Psychology) - Performance of an act one or more times, with a view to its fixation or improvement; any performance of an act or behavior that leads to learning. |
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Probability Learning - Usually refers to the use of mathematical models in the prediction of learning to perform tasks based on the theory of probability applied to responses; it may also refer to the frequency of occurrence of the responses observed in the particular study. |
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Problem Solving - A learning situation involving more than one alternative from which a selection is made in order to attain a specific goal. |
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Problem-Based Learning - Instructional use of examples or cases to teach using problem-solving skills and critical thinking. |
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Reinforcement (Psychology) - The strengthening of a conditioned response. |
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Reversal Learning - Any situation where an animal or human is trained to respond differentially to two stimuli (e.g., approach and avoidance) under reward and punishment conditions and subsequently trained under reversed reward values (i.e., the approach which was previously rewarded is punished and vice versa). |
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Set (Psychology) - Readiness to think or respond in a predetermined way when confronted with a problem or stimulus situation. |
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Transfer (Psychology) - Change in learning in one situation due to prior learning in another situation. The transfer can be positive (with second learning improved by first) or negative (where the reverse holds). |
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Verbal Learning - Learning to respond verbally to a verbal stimulus cue. |
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