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Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic - Antibodies which react with the individual structural determinants (idiotopes) on the variable region of other antibodies. |
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Antibodies, Archaeal - Immunoglobulins induced by substances elaborated by archaea that have an antigenic activity. |
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Antibodies, Bacterial - Immunoglobulins induced by substances elaborated by bacteria that have an antigenic activity. |
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Antibodies, Bispecific - Antibodies, often monoclonal, in which the two antigen-binding sites are specific for separate antigenic determinants. They are artificial antibodies produced by chemical crosslinking, fusion of hybridoma cells, or by molecular genetic techniques. They function as the main mediators of targeted cellular cytotoxicity and have been shown to be efficient in the targeting of drugs, toxins, radiolabeled haptens, and effector cells to diseased tissue, primarily tumors. |
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Antibodies, Blocking - Antibodies that inhibit the reaction between antigen and other antibodies or sensitized T-lymphocytes (e.g., antibodies of the IMMUNOGLOBULIN G class that compete with IgE antibodies for antigen, thereby blocking an allergic response). Blocking antibodies that bind tumors and prevent destruction of tumor cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes have also been called enhancing antibodies. (Rosen et al., Dictionary of Immunology, 1989) |
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Antibodies, Catalytic - Antibodies that can catalyze a wide variety of chemical reactions. They are characterized by high substrate specificity and share many mechanistic features with enzymes. |
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Antibodies, Fungal - Immunoglobulins induced by substances elaborated by fungi that have an antigenic activity. |
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Antibodies, Helminth - Antibodies produced by human or animal cells following clinical or experimental exposure to parasitic helminth antigens. The IMMUNOGLOBULIN E class of immunoglobulins is usually formed and released, but IMMUNOGLOBULIN G, IMMUNOGLOBULIN M, and IMMUNOGLOBULIN A may also occur. |
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Antibodies, Heterophile - Antibodies elicited in a different species from which the antigen originated. These antibodies are directed against a wide variety of interspecies-specific antigens, the best known of which are Forssman, Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D), and Paul-Bunnell (P-B). Incidence of antibodies to these antigens--i.e., the phenomenon of heterophile antibody response--is useful in the serodiagnosis, pathogenesis, and prognosis of infection and latent infectious states as well as in cancer classification. |
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Antibodies, Monoclonal - Antibodies produced by clones of cells such as those isolated after hybridization of activated B lymphocytes with neoplastic cells. These hybrids are often referred to as hybridomas. |
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Antibodies, Neoplasm - Immunoglobulins induced by antigens specific for tumors other than the normally occurring histocompatibility antigens. |
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Antibodies, Phospho-Specific - Antibodies directed against immunogen-coupled phosphorylated PEPTIDES corresponding to amino acids surrounding the PHOSPHORYLATION site. They are used to study proteins involved in SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathways. (From Methods Mol Biol 2000; 99:177-89) |
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Antibodies, Protozoan - Antibodies produced by human or animal cells following clinical or experimental exposure to parasitic protozoan antigens. |
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Antibodies, Viral - Immunoglobulins produced as a response to viral antigens; includes all classes of immunoglobulins elicited by all viral components. |
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Autoantibodies - Antibodies that react with self-antigens (AUTOANTIGENS) of the organism that produced them. |
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Binding Sites, Antibody - Local surface sites on antibodies which react with antigen determinant sites on antigens. They are formed from parts of the variable regions of the Fab fragment of the immunoglobulin. |
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Immunoconjugates - Combinations of diagnostic or therapeutic substances linked with specific immune substances such as immunoglobulins, monoclonal antibodies or antigens. Often the diagnostic or therapeutic substance is a radionuclide. These conjugates are useful tools for specific targeting of drugs and radioisotopes in the chemotherapy and radioimmunotherapy of certain cancers. |
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Immunoglobulin Allotypes - Hereditary serologic types based on antigenic differences in the light and heavy chains of immunoglobulins due to allelic genes in the gene loci coding the chains. The Inv system applies to the kappa light chains, the Gm system applies to the heavy chains of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. |
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Immunoglobulin Idiotypes - Unique, genetically controlled determinants present on ANTIBODIES whose specificity is limited to a single group of proteins (e.g., another antibody molecule or an individual myeloma protein). The idiotype appears to represent the antigenicity of the antigen-binding site of the antibody and to be genetically codetermined with it. The idiotypic determinants have been precisely located to the IMMUNOGLOBULIN VARIABLE REGION of both immunoglobin polypeptide chains. |
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Insulin Antibodies |
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Isoantibodies - Antibodies produced by one individual that react with antigens (ISOANTIGENS) of another individual of the same species. (Dorland, 28th ed) |
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Precipitins - Antibodies which elicit precipitation when combined with antigen. |
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Reagins |
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