Amino Acids
| Definition: |
Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins. |
| Notes: |
/urine permitted but consider also AMINOACIDURIA, RENAL |
Amino Acids Categories.
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Alanine - A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. |
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Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones - Inhibitors of SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES and sulfhydryl group-containing enzymes. They act as alkylating agents and are known to interfere in the translation process. |
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Amino Acids, Acidic - Amino acids with side chains that are negatively charged at physiological pH. |
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Amino Acids, Basic - Amino acids with side chains that are positively charged at physiological pH. |
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Amino Acids, Branched-Chain - Amino acids which have a branched carbon chain. |
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Amino Acids, Cyclic - A class of amino acids characterized by a closed ring structure. |
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Amino Acids, Diamino |
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Amino Acids, Dicarboxylic |
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Amino Acids, Essential - Amino acids that are not synthesized by the human body in amounts sufficient to carry out physiological functions. They are obtained from dietary foodstuffs. |
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Amino Acids, Neutral - Amino acids with uncharged R groups or side chains. |
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Amino Acids, Sulfur |
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Canavanine |
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Glycine - A non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter. |
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Homoserine |
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Kynurenine |
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Phosphoamino Acids - Amino acids that contain phosphorus as an integral part of the molecule. |
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RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl - Intermediates in protein biosynthesis. The compounds are formed from amino acids, ATP and transfer RNA, a reaction catalyzed by aminoacyl tRNA synthetase. They are key compounds in the genetic translation process. |
Amino Acids Definitions and Terms
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